University of Dar es Salaam Library Repository
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Recent Submissions
Statistical analysis of the factors influencing child labour working hours in Tanzania: evidence from 2014 integrated labour force survey
(University of Dar es Salaam, 2021-10) Ndunguru, Maria
This study aimed at determining the factors that influence child labour working hours and child labour force participation in Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional secondary 2014 ILFS data. Because of truncated case in the dependent variable so as to control problem of sample selection bias the study employed the Heckman model with two dependent variables namely: child labour working hours and child labour force participation for primary and secondary equations respectively. The study showed that number of working hours a child exerts is statistically significantly and positively related to child’s age and child sex. Also the results showed that number of working hours a child participates is statistically significantly and negatively related to education of head of household and ownership of household farm. The study revealed that the factors that cause a child to participate in labour force are statistically significantly and positively related to child age, ownership of household farm, residence, household size, a household being poor and spouse participation in labour force. Also the study showed that educated head of household and a spouse being educated significantly and negatively pushes a child into labour force. The study suggests that the government through Ministry of Labour and Employment and NGOs need to raise awareness to children, households and society on the meaning and dangers of child labour as well as how they can be involved in order to eliminate the problem. The government should continue to educate parents especially in the rural areas on the importance of having small family size. The existing law of child Act, 2009, Employment and labour relations Act, 2004 need to be reviewed and be enforced by relevant authorities in collaboration with local community.
The influence of Total Quality Management (TQM) on the organizational performance of food and beverage firms in Tanzania
(University of Dar es Salaam, 2021-10) Kutizibwa, Christopher Lyogello
The study aimed to determine the influence of Total Quality Management (TQM) on the organizational performance of food and beverage firms in Tanzania. Specifically, the study examined the extent to which employee training, customer satisfaction, and top management commitment influenced the organizational performance of food and beverage firms. The study adopted stratified random sampling where 200 respondents formed a sample size. The study collected the data by using questionnaires and used and descriptive statistics, linear regression and correlation techniques for analysis. The study found a positive influence of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices; employee training, customer satisfaction, and top management commitment on performance of food and beverage firms. The study recommends that firms continue to increase their employees’ empowerment and participation, pay more attention to customers by providing the best quality services and providing value-added services for customer satisfaction. In addition, firms should enhance top management commitment to quality management to enhance organizational performance. They should continue their effort to consider total quality management as a priority for their company in the future and involve the company in TQM implementation at all levels.
Assessingthe influence of manufacturing sector performance on economic performance in Tanzania
(University of Dar es Salaam, 2021-10) Kea, Arrip Mathew
This study assessed the influence of manufacturing sector performance on economic performance in Tanzania. The research used annual data from 2000-2019. Both descriptive and vector autoregressive approaches were used to evaluate the secondary data obtained. Frequency tables were used in the descriptive techniques and the regression techniques included the stationary Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) evaluation, the Johansen Co-integration Test and the Error Correction Model (ECM). In addition, the study also used the Granger causality test to determine the direction of causality among the model variables. The results of ADF show that the variables are not stationary at their individual levels, but are stationary at their first difference. The findings of the Johansen co-integration show that there is a long-term relationship between the manufacturing productivity indicators (manufacturing exports, manufacturing value added and production volume) and the economic performance indicators (gross domestic product and employment). On the other hand, the results of the VECM show that the manufacturing productivity indicators (manufacturing value added, manufacturing exports and production volume) have a long-term but insignificant impact on Tanzania’s gross domestic product. More so, the findings show that manufacturing value added has a long-term negative and statistically significant impact on employment (Economic Performance Proxy) while manufacturing exports and production volume have long-term statistically insignificant efficiencies.
In conclusion, Tanzania has made considerable progress in the reconstruction of infrastructure and the implementation of supporting policies to stimulate the manufacturing sector, provided that the competitiveness of the manufacturing sector is seen as a critical necessity for economic growth as it generates productive economic growth. However, in order to achieve a sustainable economic growth, the study recommends the need to strengthen the institutional, legal and fiscal climate of the manufacturing sector in order to improve the competitiveness of the sector.
University Students’ Motives and Challenges in Utilising Institutional Repository Resources
(DUP (Dar es Salaam University Press), 2023-07-01) Masawe, Suzan; Muneja, Paul Samwel; Msonge, Vincent
One of the core functions of an academic institution is to generate knowledge, disseminate to the intended audiences and preserve it for future use. Academic institutions are now establishing Institutional Repositories (IRs) to collect produced resources to facilitate accessibility, dissemination, utilisation and management of intellectual materials that are produced within an institution. The purpose of this study was to assess postgraduate students’ motives for utilising IR resources and also the challenges they encounter when utilising IR resources at the University of Dar es Salaam. This study was conducted using a descriptive study design whereby it used both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The population of this study comprised postgraduate students, librarians and ICT personnel from the University of Dar es Salaam. A sample of 102 respondents was drawn conveniently and purposively for this study. Data were collected through questionnaire, interview, as well as a review of documentary sources. Quantitative data were analysed through a Version 16 Statistics Package for Social Science (SPSS) and qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. The findings indicate that access to full-text documents, the relevance of IR resources and easy searching of the materials in the repository system motivate the utilisation of IR resources. However, several challenges impede the utilisation of these resources including unreliable internet access, inaccessibility of full-text and lack of guiding policy have been revealed as the major challenges toward utilisation of IRs resources. The study recommends training postgraduate students on the general use of IRs. Also, the University management should develop an IR policy that will guide the utilisation IR resources.
Access to Library Information Resources by University Students during COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa: A Systematic Literature Review
(DUP (Dar es Salaam University Press), 2023-07-01) Shikali, Joyce; Muneja, Paul Samwel; Mohamed, Kassim
The study examined access to library information resources by university students during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Specifically, the study sought to identify the measures adopted by academic libraries to ensure the smooth delivery of library information resources to patrons, particularly students, identify technological tools that were employed by libraries to facilitate access to library information resources. Not only that but also, the study investigated the challenges faced by students in accessing library information resources. A systematic literature review approach following PRISMA guidelines was employed to investigate the findings of the relevant literature on the subject. The keyword search strategy was employed to search for relevant literature from four scholarly databases Scopus, Emerald, Research4life and Google Scholar. The relevant 23 studies were included fulfilling the set inclusion criteria. The presentation of the findings was arranged in a tabular form to provide a summary of each article to facilitate easy analysis and synthesis of results. The findings of this study revealed that the majority of the reviewed studies indicate that, during the COVID-19 pandemic many academic libraries in Africa adopted different approaches to facilitate access to library information resources by university students including expanding access to electronic resources off- campus, virtual reference services, circulation and lending services. To support access to different library services and information resources academic libraries in Africa used various digital technological tools like social media, library websites, email and video conferencing. Moreover, the study revealed that limited access to internet services and ICT devices, inadequate electronic library collection and inadequate digital and information literacy were the major challenges faced by many university students in accessing library resources during the pandemic. This study recommends investment in ICT infrastructures and expanding electronic resource collections which are vital resources in the digital era.