The role of oil palm production on sustainable rural livelihoods and resources conservation the case of Uyui district in Tabora region Tanzania

Abstract

This study examined the role of oil paIm production on sustainable rural livelihoods and forest resources conscrvation in Uyui District, Tabora Region. The main objectives of the study were to identify the motives for oil palm production, and assess the contribution of oil palm production on sustainable livelihoods and forest resources conservation. The study was carried out in two villages of Kalola and Mabama. Data collection was attained through questionnaires, focus group discussions, key informant interview, direct field observation, and remote sensing and GIS methods. Data were analysed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 11.5, spread sheet (Microsoft excels) and GIS analysis methodologies. Data were displayed and presented in tables, pie charts and graphs. The study findings revealed that economically oil palm production contribute 44% to the total incomes of oil palm growers. It was also learnt that oil palm production helps to conserve the environment as 52.9% of the respondents had the opinion that oil palm trees prevent soil erosion. GIS analysis also showed thatwoodland cover has increased by 4.85% for a period of 10 years from 1990 to 2000. However, the study also found some constraints that affected oil palm production in the study area as 37% of the respondents pointed out that lack of capital affected oil palm production, 45% of the respondents indicated that lack of skills and knowledge pertaining to oil palm production hindered oil palm production in the study area. Although oil palm production in the study area has proved to contribute to sustainable rural livelihoods and enviromnenlal conservation, forest resources in particular, there are several constraints that need immediate action. In order to address these constraints, it is recommended that the government through the ministry of agriculture should provide agricultural extension services, establish credit institutions and lay down strategies to enhance oil palm production.