Fertility differentials in Tanzania with special reference to four regions.

The purpose of this thesis is to study fertility differentials in Tanzania by making use of two sources of data, namely the 1967 Population Census and the 1971 Demographic survey. Chapter 1 "Introduction" deals with fertility data from the 1967 census with a view to throwing light on fertility differences between regions of the country. No other source of data is available against which the findings arrived at from the 1967 census could be compared. Further, a population census enquiry cannot, by its nature, provide information on the factors behind fertility differentials. For this purpose a demographic survey was conducted in September/October 1971 in two low fertility regions, namely Coast and Singida, and two high fertility regions, that is Arusha and Kilimanjaro.The methodology adopted is therefore discussed in chapter 2, and the analysis of the collected data is undertaken in chapters 3 to 6. In chapter 3, the data on age are analysed in order to throw light on the existence of fertility differentials between the areas covered by the survey. Chapter 4 deals with establishing the level of fertility in each of the four areas. Factors behind fertility differentials are divided into two broad categories, those arising from differential nuptiality patterns and those which may be termed physiological and medical. These are studied in chapters 5 and 6. While chapter 5 deals with studying the prevailing marriage patterns in each area, in chapter 6 an attempt is made to evaluate the effect of each factor on fertility differentials. Chapter 7 is devoted to summary and conclusions. The implications of fertility differentials to economic and social development in Tanzania are also discussed.