The role of rural-urban migration among youths in enhancing climate change adaption of rural communities in Mtwara district

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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Dar es Salaam
Abstract
This study was conducted in Mtwara District to assess the role of rural-urban migration among youths in enhancing climate change adaptation of rural communities. Purpose sampling and simple random sampling techniques were applied to obtain four study villages and household, respectively. Open ended questionnaires were used for household, interview guides were applied to key informants and focus group discussions were conducted in the four villages. Field data were analyzed by using cross-tabulation, analysis of frequencies and correlation with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 of 2010. Microsoft Excel 2010 was applied in analysis of descriptive statistics. Findings of this study revealed that climate of Mtwara district has not significantly changed over the past thirty years. However, what were experienced were impacts of climate variability. The impacts were reported to be the reason for the decline in agricultural crops and fish catches. Adaptation measures such as diversification of income sources planting resistant crops and joining in various clubs to share knowledge for solving climate related challenges were found to be inefficient with respect to the observed impacts since majority of residents reported to be affected had nothing to do. Low education level of respondents was one of the major factors for inefficient adaptation measures. Since there were few opportunities and low level of investments in villages, youths have been migrating as a means to secure their income. In fishers’ migration was directed towards other fishing villages which were temporary. Majority of youths in farmers’ villages were migrating to urban canters out of the region both temporary and permanently. I n view of the above, all forms of migration brought benefits within a short time. Due to long time of youths’ absence, families last man-power and were left with difficult living conditions. In light of this, education is needed on impacts of climate change and variability in villages of Mtwara district and infrastructures like roads, markets and schools have to be improved to reduce distress migration.
Description
Available in print form, East Africana Collection, Dr.WilbertChagula Library, (THS EAF QC902.2T34J67)
Keywords
Climatic change, Rural-urban migration, Youths, Mtwara districts, Tanzania
Citation
Joseph, M (2019) The role of rural-urban migration among youths in enhancing climate change adaption of rural communities in Mtwara district, Masters dissertation, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam.