Assessment of flood risk and humanitarian assistance using a geographic information system model: a case of Manzese Ward, Ubungo District, Tanzania
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Date
2018
Authors
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Publisher
University of Dar es Salaam
Abstract
The rapid population growth in Dar es Salaam city has led to a tremendous increase in the number of informal settlements, particularly in Ubungo district. As a result, this has led to the opening of new settlement in wastelands, a move that is associated with poor infrastructure management. This has consequently led to frequent flooding incident in Dar es Salaam, with Manzese being among the regularly affected sub wards. The flooding has cost individuals and communities dearly with its impacts ranging from loss of lives as well as individual and community property. Yet, information about extent and magnitude of loss from various flooding incidents is largely missing at the disaster monitoring department. This data gap has lead to ineffective management of flood disasters and consequently hinders sustainable development. The aim of this study was to devise a GIS-based model for flood risk and humanitarian assistance in the informal settlement. To accomplish this task, both qualitative and quantitative research designs were adopted. Participatory mapping, geomorphic model and GPS surveying were used to identify flood prone areas in Manzese. Key informant interview, GIS based model and optimal route analysis have been used in the nature of flood vulnerability and humanitarian assistance. Finally, GIS based modeling was used for flood risk assessment. The findings indicate that about 26.7 ha of land within Manzese is flood prone, in which Kilimani sub ward was noted as the leading area prone to flood. Limited infrastructure, settlements proximity to river channels and poor planning have contributed to the areas vulnerability to floods. Furthermore, results of flood risk assessment show that about 25.8% of the buildings will be affected while 74.2 will not be inundated if the same scenario as that of 2011 is taken into consideration. In providing humanitarian assistance, it was identified that Chakula Bora area has the highest distance about 1.35 kms during the evacuation process meanwhile about 604 kgs of maize and rice should be provided as minimum provision of humanitarian needs to displaced population. ln order to reduce flood risk in Manzese it is recommended that proper implementation of land use planning through a participatory approach is important. Moreover, the government should make plans to relocate the population living in the flood-prone zone to new areas and incentivized to avoid returning to the hazardous area. Furthermore, Web GIS tool for humanitarian assistance should be devised for near real-time monitoring of the affected as well as displaced population.
Description
Available in print form, Eat Africana Collection, Dr. Wilbert Chagula Library,(THS EAF GB1399.2T34A523)
Keywords
Flood damage, Informal settlement, Population growth, Risk management, Human settlements, City planning, Philanttropists, Geographical information system model, Manzese ward, Ubungo district, Tanzania
Citation
Anderson, D. (2018) Assessment of flood risk and humanitarian assistance using a geographic information system model: a case of Manzese Ward, Ubungo District, Tanzania. Masters dissertation, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam.