Browsing by Author "Nahato, Paulina Daniel"

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    Assessment of the flow of information on HIV among young people in Arusha Region in Tanzania
    (University of Dar es salaam, 2018) Nahato, Paulina Daniel
    The HIV/AIDS pandemic is one of the most presiding public health challenges facing developing countries today. Tanzania continues to be among the nation’s most severely affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This research assessed the flow of information on HIV among young people in Arusha, Tanzania by (a) exploring the determinants of HIV information among young people; (b) examining the sources of HIV information among young people; (c) examining the utilization of HIV prevention methods among young people’ and (d) assessing the level of utilization of health facilities services among young people for HIV prevention. The study employed a mixed methods research design, in which both quantitative and qualitative research approach where used. The findings of this have revealed association between HIV information acquisition and numerous factors (the respondents’ sex and age respondents). The results have also shown that the main source of information on HIV, sexual and reproductive health were teachers. The results have revealed that there is better communication between young people and teachers than between young and parents. The results have also shown that the majority of young people used condoms during their first sexual encounter. For example, the findings revealed that 66 percent of respondents used contraceptive method during their first sex intercourse. The difference of proportion of condom use among age groups was statistically significant (p=0.022). Age and condom use at the last sexual intercourse declined with ageing and vice versa. Moreover, the results of this study revealed minimal utilization; of health facility services among young people. The findings, for example, showed that the majority of young people only visited health facilities for contraceptives or for treatment of STIs. In the light of the result of the results of this research, the researcher recommends a smooth flow of correct information on HIV among young people from multiple sources, including parents/guardians, teachers and other community members. The researcher also recommends appropriate provision of sexual and reproductive health education to young people as well as expanded coverage of young people’s reproductive health service needs in the community.
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    Assessment of the flow of information on HIV among young people in Arusha region, Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2018) Nahato, Paulina Daniel
    The HIV/AIDS pandemic is one of the most pressing public health challenges facing developing countries today. Tanzania continues to be among the nation’s most severely affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This research assessed the flow of information on HIV among young people in Arusha, Tanzania by (a) exploring the determinants of HIV information among young people; (b) examining the sources of HIV information among young people; (c) examining the utilization of HIV prevention methods among young people; and (d) assessing the level of utilization of health facility services among young people for HIV prevention. The study employed a mixed methods research design, in which both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used. The findings of this study have revealed association between HIV information acquisition and numerous factors (the respondents’ sex and age of respondents). The results have also shown that the main source of information on HIV, sexual and reproductive health were teachers. The results have revealed that there is better communication between young people and teachers than between young people and parents. The results have also shown that the majority of young people used condoms during their first sexual encounter. For example, the findings revealed that 66 percent of respondents used contraceptive method during their first sex intercourse. The difference of proportion of condom use among age groups was statistically significant (p=0.022). Age and condom use at the last sexual intercourse declined with ageing and vice versa. Moreover, the results of this study revealed minimal utilization of health facility services among young people. The findings, for example, showed that the majority of young people only visited health facilities for contraceptives or for treatment of STIs. In the light of the results of this research, the researcher recommends a smooth flow of correct information on HIV among young people from multiple sources, including parents/guardians, teachers and other community members. The researcher also recommends appropriate provision of sexual and reproductive health education to young people as well as expanded coverage of young people’s reproductive health service needs in the community.
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    Psychosocial care and support of aids orphaned children in Mwanga and Lembeni wards in Mwanga district
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2006) Nahato, Paulina Daniel
    In Tanzania, Psychosocial care and support of orphaned children before and after AIDS onset has undergone drastic change. Very few studies have been undertaken to determine the various ways psychosocial care and support were offered to orphaned children before the coming of AIDS. The purpose of this study was to analyse and examine the psychosocial experiences, care and support for orphaned children after AIDS onset in Mwanga District, Kilimanjaro Region. Four objectives guided the study. The first focused on how orphaned children in Mwanga were cared for before and after AIDS set in the community. The second objective was to analyse psychological problems faced by A TPS orphaned children, while the third objective was to determine ways of preparing children to adjust to life after their parents’ death. Finally, it was to analyze the available psychosocial care and support services for AIDS orphaned children in the community. A qualitative research approach using semi-structured interviews was used in this study. Two wards, Mwanga and Lembeni provided, 74 participants comprising of parents, teachers, counsellors and orphaned children. All participants interacted with orphaned children at various periods and contexts in the community. The results indicated that AIDS brought changes such as an increased number of orphaned children due to increased parent’s death rate, that led to stigma, scarcity of resources, family disintegration and orphan discrimination. From the study it was concluded that AIDS orphaned children received various psychosocial care and support services from families, schools, NGOs and the community. AIDS orphaned children faced a number of psychosocial problems such as depression, sadness, avoidance, anxiety, fear and withdrawal. The current psychosocial care and support provided, though inadequate, included material, social and psychological support services. Provision of these services was affected by level of knowledge of caregivers, cultural norms, which allow stigma, discrimination and isolation against AIDS orphaned children. From the study it was recommended that there is a need to replicate the findings to different stakeholders dealing with AIDS orphaned children and HIV/AIDS victim centres in various parts of Tanzania. Materials, social, and psychological support services were provided by NGOs, CBOs and religious institutions to a limited extent because of lack of resources, capacity and personnel. Caregivers need to be supported and trained by government and other stakeholders.