Browsing by Author "Mwanga, Zuhura Ndoika"

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    Characterisation and analysis of Antimicrobial activity of endophytic Fungi associated with medicinal plants from selected regions of Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2020) Mwanga, Zuhura Ndoika
    This study characterized and analysed antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with 10 medicinal plants from three regions of Tanzania;Dar es salaam, Tanga, and Kilimanjaro. A total of 23 endophytic fungi isolates were isolated from different parts of medicinal plants after disinfection, different biological tests were performed. The ethyl ecetate crude extracts of endophytic fungi secondary metabolities were screened for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (basillis substlis and staphyloccus aureus) Gram-positive (Escherichia coli) and fungi pathogen(candida albicans)The results revealed that endophytic fungi from 9 medicinal plants exhibited antimicrobial activity against either of the tested pathogenic bacteria and fungi.Of all the studied isolates, crude extract of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi from MOIA(Ocimum suave leaf)and SW5A(Alium sativum clove) exhibited strong antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibition (MIC)ranging from 0.125 mg/ml to 0.5mg/ml against all tested pathogenic bacteria and fungi. On the other hand, micro morphological and molecular characterization of the isolated endophytes performed from these medicinal plants ascertained them to belong to 9 main genera while dominant genus found in all corrections from three sites were Colletotrichum.The results futher revealed that diversity of endophytic fungi varied irrespective of the geographical location of the host plants.The phytochemical analysis of the secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi revealed the presence of vital constituents potential for medicinal applications namely; alkaloids,phenols,flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, tennins, steroids, amino acids, carbohydrates and saponins. This study demonstrated that secondary metabolities of endophytic fungi from the studied medicinal plants possess important phytochemical and exhibit antimicrobial potential against the tested human pathogens which could contribute to endeavors for new therapeutic inventions
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    Characterization and analysis of antimicrobial activity of entophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants from selected regions of Tanzania.
    (University of Dar es salaam, 2020) Mwanga, Zuhura Ndoika
    The study characterized and analyzed antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with 10 medicinal plants from three regions of Tanzania, Dar es salaam, Tanga, and Kilimanjaro. A total of 23 endophytic fungi isolates were isolated from different parts of medicinal plants after disinfection, different biological tests were performed. The ethyl acetate crude extracts of endophytic fungi secondary metabolites were screened for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (bassillus substiles and staphylococcus aureus), Gram-positive (Escherichia coli) and fungi pathogen (Candida albicans). The results revealed that endophytic fungi from 9 medicinal plants exhibited antimicrobias activity against either of the tested pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Of all the studied isolates, crude extract of secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi from MOIO (Ocimum suave- leaf) and SW5A (alium sativum clove) exhited strong antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibition (MIC) ranging from 0.125 mg/ml to 05 mg/ml against all tested pathogenic bacteria of fungi. On the other hand, micro morphological and molecular characterization of the isolated endophytes performed from these medical plants ascertained them to belong to 9 main genera while dominant genus found in all corrections from three sites were colletotrichum. The results further revealed that diversity of endophytic fungi varied irrespective of the geographical location of the host plants. The phytochemical analysis of the secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi revealed the presence of vital constituent’s potential for medical application namely: alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, tannins, steroids, amino acids, carbohydrates and saponins. This study demonstrated that secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi from the studied medicinal plants possess important phytochemical and exhibit antimicrobial potential against the tested human pathogens which could contribute to the endeavors for new therapeutic inventions.
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    A comprehensive study on agaricus-like mushrooms from the university of Dar es salaam mwalimu jk Nyerere Mlimani campus
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2014) Mwanga, Zuhura Ndoika
    A survey was conducted for one year, from March 2013 to March 2014 by collecting Agaricus like mushrooms from the University of Dar es Salaam, Mwalimu JK Nyerere Mlimani Campus. Agaricus like mushrooms morphologicaly are characterised by medium to large size basidiocarp on the central stalk that separate easily from the cap; free gills, presence of veil and chocolate brown hymenium and basidiospores in mature specimens. A total of 68 Agaricus-like mushrooms were found in this study. Characterising them molecularly using the ITS region, revealed them to belong to two distinct genera Agaricus L and Hymenagaricus H. representing total of 10 distinct species. In the study, Agaricus trisulphuratus and one un described species were suspected poisonous, edibility of two species were noted, while edibility of the rest was unknown. This is the first time mushroom belonging to Hymenagaricus are reported from Tanzania, and based on the result finding one new Hymenagaricus and two new Agaricus species are also proposed for scientific descriptions based on International Nomenclatural rules.