Browsing by Author "Masabo, Juliana"

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    Protection of the rights of migrant workers in Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2012) Masabo, Juliana
    This study examines the protection of migrant workers in Tanzania, a country which, in terms of current migration discourse, plays a threefold role, since it is a sending country, a transit country, and a receiving country. The study examines the adequacy of the laws that protect the rights of workers who leave their countries to take up employment in Tanzania. The national regulatory framework on labour migration is evaluated by using international, regional and sub-regional legal instruments that provide the standards for the protection of migrant workers. Comparative best practices from various countries are also described in order to examine and identify the gaps in the current legal and institutional framework. The study examines four key areas, namely, the admission of migrant workers and their access to the labour market, conditions of employment, freedom of association, and social security rights. These areas are examined by means of a thorough contextual, legal and policy analysis and an empirically based validation from which various observations and conclusions are made. The study establishes that pertinent legal and practical protection issues exist. First, there is no comprehensive labour migration policy or regulatory framework. The available framework comprises incoherent pieces of legislation and policy documents which sometimes differ, depending on what they seek to achieve. Second, the current regulatory framework, apart from being fragmented, is largely inadequate and overwhelmingly orientated towards immigration control. Third, the supervisory institutions are similarly uncoordinated and notoriously inefficient. All these factors impact negatively on the livelihood of migrant workers. The study consistently maintains that Tanzania can reap the economic benefits of international labour migration only if her regulatory framework is rational and responsive to the protection needs of migrant workers. With the guidance of international standards on migrant workers and comparative best practices from other countries, the study provides some suggestions to facilitate the formulation of a rational labour migration framework that addresses socio-economic realities without negating the rights of migrant workers. To achieve this goal it is recommended that the labour migration framework should be integrated into the overarching national socio-economic development strategies. In addition, the framework should adopt a rights-based approach and be aligned with international, regional and sub-regional norms on the protection of migrant workers.
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    Sexual and gender based violence against refugee women in western Tanzania: the case study of refugee camps in Kibondo district
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2005) Masabo, Juliana
    This work examines sexual and gender based violence in refugee camps in Western Tanzania. The study is grounded upon the continuous reports of sexual and gender violence which reached its peak in the end of 1990s. Sexual and gender based violence against women generally is viewed in this study as a result of generally accepted gender inequality and subordination of women in most societies. As for refugee women, and other women under emergency their vulnerability is intensified by their status which make them not only an easy target but victims of whoever they come into contact. Through the examination of international and regional legal instruments on refugees it is concluded that the all of them had neglected the specific problems encountered by refugee women and their need for protection. The protection of refugee women therefore depends on the minimum standards of protection generally accorded to women under international legal instruments which are nonetheless not strictly adhered to in emergency situations. Slow pace in making refugee law gender sensitive continues to affect the plight of refugee women. The rate of sexual and gender based violence in refugee camps is still high despite the efforts employed by UNHCR and its implementing partners in eliminating these forms of violence in all camps. SGBV incidents are reported almost every day. The general situation of gender and sexual related offences in the country is also still worse despite the severe sanctions imposed on the convicts.