Mbwiliza, Joseph F2019-08-282020-01-072019-08-282020-01-071975Mbwiliza, J. F(1975) An economic history of Rungwe district, 1890 - 1962: some aspects of social and economic changes among the Nyakyusa, Masters dissertation, University of Dar es Salaam. Available at (http://41.86.178.3/internetserver3.1.2/detail.aspx?parentpriref=)http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1035Available in print formThis study is a modest contribution to the discussion about the relationship between colonialism and underdevelopment. Its focus is mainly directed at an examination of the effect of the penetration of a market oriented colonial economy into a society whose social and economic institutions had been a result of the development of productive forces is the subsistence oriented economy. The study begins with the creation of colonial situation in the district from about 1890 and goes up to independence in 1962. The research methodology combined both archival and field research during which people of various walks of life in Rungwe district were interviewed. Among these were the returned migrants, traditional leaders the ex Amafum and Malafyale, government and mission officials and by way of contrast looked specifically for those who did not go out of Rungwe to look for wage labour. Other information was obtained from the National archives of Tanzania and Zambia. This study looks at labour migration in Rungwe District within the overall context of the economic and social change between 1890 and 1962. The major hypothesis to be advanced is that throughout this period, Nyakyusa society was undergoing a process of differentiation and marginalization among some of its groups. A further condition was the geographical environment, which determined the type of crops to be grown and in terms of an area’s accessibility to the centres of demand. A major argument which is to feature prominently is that peasant production and labour migration were two separate responses open to the Nyakyusa in the early period of the colonial situation. But after about 1923 the two formerly alternative responses were becoming complementary to each other as none of themenNyakyusa (African tribe)TanganyikaEconomic conditions1945-1990Rungwe (District)Thesis