Ten surgical conditions

This dissertation of tan surgical conditions is submitted as part of 1he requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine CM.Med.) in Surgery awarded by the University of Dar es Salaam. It consists of three main sections. General Surgery, Urology and Orthopaedics/Trauma. For each condition, a sunwary of the Important features and results of the patients managed are presented in tabular form. one patient is presented in detail as a case report and the literature on the subject is reviewed emphasizing on the various modes of therapy including advances and any controversies and comparing with our treatment within the existing facilities. Thyroid carcinoma is not an uncommon malignancy in Tanzania, With the inadequate facilities in our setup, diagnosis la often made on clinical suspicion and usually confirmed by frozen section biopsy intraoperatively. Kaposi's sarcoma is common in adult males especially in areas around Lake Victoria, The nodular type responds well to radiotherapy. Recently Kaposi's sarcoma has provoked Interest world wide because of Its association with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) but hitherto no case has been reported in Tanzania. Traumatic rupture of the spleen is a common emergency seen and splenectomy is invariably carried out in our oentre as monitoring facilities are inadequate to risk conservative measures. Breast and oesophageal carcinomata are very eaemon debilitating malignancies seen with patients often presenting in advanced stage thereby having a poor prognosis.