Implementation of internet protocol virtual private network (IP-based VPN) connectivity in Tanzania.

Tanzania has a low diffusion of Internet Protocol (IP)-based services. The situation is caused by many factors: e.g. shortage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) equipment like computers; and connectivity challenges caused by limited network reach, capacity as well as security concerns, especially over public networks such as the internet. As a result, communications between distant offices are still mainly by landline phones and paper based method e.g. letters. While there is efforts to deploy and spread IP based services over public networks, such networks are known to have a security problem that makes it difficult to deliver trusted IP-based services. To spear head diffusion of IP-based services over IP-backbones while overcoming the security problem, Internet Protocol Security Virtual Private Network (IPSec-VPN) technique has been chosen and is recommended for use. This Thesis presents the design and implementation of a Wide Area Network (WAN) interconnecting computers in different, geographically dispersed secondary schools within Tanzania by using the IPSec-VPN technique. In this work, the linux-FreeS/WAN software was used to implement the desired IPSec protocol in the installation of the IPSec-VPN. Results suggest that the installed IPSec-VPN succeeded to provide a cost effective and secure connectivity solution to the selected secondary schools. Further, it has been found that, majority of IP backbones in Tanzania are urban-based backbones. However, the backbones are equipped with relevant and accessible networking equipments to implement IPSec-VPN service.