College of Natural and Applied Sciences

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    Growth requirements of an indigenous, wild, edible tanzanian mushroom.
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 1999) Mtowa, Angelina Charles
    A wild, edible, mushroom species found growing on a dead wood stump near the University of Dar es Salaam Health centre, was collected and its tissue isolated and cultured for mycelial growth. The mycelium that developed was grown on different nitrogen and carbon sources of different concentrations, which were: 0.1, 1.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5g/l Best mycelial growth of the wild, edible mushroom was recorded on glucose, starch, fructose, urea, methionine and ammonium nitrate at concentrations 0.30.4, and 0.5g/l. They took 7-8 days to cover the petri dishes. Best mycelial growth was also recorded on glucose, starch, fructose, urea, sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate for Pleurotus citrinopileatus from India. They also took 7-8 days to cover the petri dishes. The first, second and third flushes of a wild edible mushroom appeared on day; 26 ±3,35 ± 2,57 ± 3 respectively. For Pleurotus citrinopileatus, the first, second and third flushes appeared on day; 22 ±2, 31 ± 1, and 45 ± 2 respectively. The Biological efficiency (B.E) of the wild, edible mushroom cultivated on paddy straw and supplemented with 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% chicken manure was; 57%, 60%, 61%, 64% and 68% respectively. On sugarcane bagasse the Biological efficiency was; 36%, 37%44%,57% and 62% respectively. Higher yields of mushrooms were obtained for Pleurotus citrinopileatus grown on paddy straw, supplemented with 5% chicken manure. The biological efficiency increased with the level of supplementation, Highest biological efficiency of 78% was obtained on Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivated on paddy straw. The biological efficiency of both species varied with the different CaC03 supplementation. The addition of CaC03 had negligible effect on the yields and biological efficiency (B.E) of the wild, edible mushroom species and Pleurotus citrinopileatus. The obtained results show that an indigenous, wild, edible Tanzanian mushroom can be cultivated under natural ambient conditions by using paddy straw and sugarcane bagasse, these conditions were w *• temperature and relative humidity of about 27 ± 1.2°C and 3 70 ± 4% for spawn running, 25 ± 0.2°C and 77 I 2% for stipes formation, and 26 ±1°C for fruits formation respectively. Other conditions were, light of about 2000 lux and gas exchange by opening doors and windows in the growing room. The yields increased when chicken manure added on the substrates. Wild, edible Tanzanian mushroom grew well under tropical ambient temperature using the techniques of mushroom cultivation. Sugar cane bagasse and paddy straw were feasible substrates for cultivation of an indigenous, wild, edible Tanzanian mushroom. The taxonomic characteristics of the wild, edible mushroom species (habitat, pileus, gills, stipe and spores) and Pleurotus citrinopileatus have been compared. The two mushroom species appeared to be comparable in morphology and growth requirements, which suggests that the two mushrooms belong to the same species