Repository :: Browsing by Author "Shao, Magdalena Edes"

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Adaptation to the impacts of evaporationon hydropower generation at nyumba ya Mungu reservoir- Pangani basin
(University of Dar es Salaam, 2016) Shao, Magdalena Edes
The traditional and major source of electricity in Tanzania is hydropower. The generation of electricity in Tanzania is mainly from both hydro and thermal power plants. The total installed capacity on the interconnected grid is about 757 MW of which 555 MW (73%) is hydro and the rest is thermal. The projected evaporation was also estimated by Thornthwaite method which used the projected temperature obtained from the SWAT Database and the average annual evaporation obtained was 1699.33 mm. As compared with the current evaporation, there will be an increase of 6.86% of evaporation in coming 30 years. From the estimation of the impacts of evaporation done by Mikehydro, it was obtained that the expected power to be produced in the future under the influence of evaporation will decrease by 28.36%. Since evaporation cause the water loss from the reservoir and affect the power generation, and then there are several adaptation measures that have been proposed to be put in place so as to prevent water loss by evaporation and ensure maximum power generation. The proposed methods are as follows; Addition of aquatic plants, reduction of the exposed water surface, wind breakers, cover method, installation of trellis, as well treatment of water with Chemical Water Evapo-Retarders (WER).