Browsing by Author "Said, Rehema"

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    Chances in sugarcane farming systems and their implications to the environment and livelihoods of the local communities: the case study of Ruhembe valley, Kilosa district, Morogoro region, Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2007) Said, Rehema
    This study was conducted in Ruhembe and Kidogobasi villages, which are located in Ruhembe Valley, Kilosa District, Morogoro Region. The main objective of the study was to examine changes in sugarcane plantation farming systems (SPFS) and their implications to the environment and livelihoods of the local communities. Information for this study was collected through literature review, a questionnaire, interviews, observations and discussions with key informants. The findings indicate that the sugarcane plantation farming systems in the Ruhembe Valley has been changing in response to Tanzania’s economic transformation. The study looked at farming system components that have changed and the implications of the changes to the environment and livelihoods of the local communities. The major components that have changed include crop composition, land tenure system, and fanning techniques. The results reveal that Ruhembe sugarcane plantation farming system plays an important role in poverty alleviation. Sugarcane farming activities undertaken in the valley contribute to income generation, creation of employment opportunities and improvement of social services. However, this study shows that the changes in Ruhembe SPFS will have long-term impacts on the environment and the livelihood of the local communities in particular. So, there is an urgent need to investigate the forces that are driving the changes in the SPFS in order to seek a more sustainable resource management strategy as well as improving the SPFS to make it more sustainable.
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    The extent of use of information and communication technology (ICT) on accounting practices: a case of selected public institutions in Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2013) Said, Rehema
    This study assessed the impact of the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in accounting practices in the selected public Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) in Tanzania. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was self-administered by the respondents. Frequencies together with corresponding percentages were generated. Moreover, correlation analysis of some continuous variables of particular focus in the study was carried in order to ascertain the magnitude of association between them. The findings indicate that most of the MDAs have adopted ICT in accounting practices. The findings indicate further that the adoption of ICT in accounting practices has both positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts, include, simplification of accounting tasks, timely preparation of financial reports and accuracy of financial reporting. On the other hand, the negative impacts, include, risk of fraud and requirement of additional training for users and additional costs for purchase of equipment. Based on the findings, the study concludes that use of ICT in accounting practices is paramount in all public MDAs. In order to minimize the negative impacts such as the risk of fraud, efficient mechanisms are needed. This will ensure that any fraudulent attempts are prevented.