Browsing by Author "Mathias, Yohana"

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    New strategy for the synthesis of azo dyes using CNSL
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2017) Mathias, Yohana
    Azo dyes were synthesized by coupling anacardic acid and amino cardanol both from natural CNSL extracted from cheap, locally available agro wastes CNS. These dyes were synthesized using both unsaturated anacardic acid and saturated anacardic acid against diazonium salts of aminocardanol as coupling components. The dyes prepared from saturated anacardic acid were solid and dark brown in color while those from unsaturated anacardic acid were gelatinous and dark red in color. These dyes were characterized by different techniques including UV-Vis and FT-IR. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the dyes from unsaturated anacardic acid were observed to have maximum peaks at 320 nm while those from saturated anacardic acid showed absorption at 328 nm. The FT-IR spectra of the dyes showed peaks at around 1644 nm to 1651 nm suggesting the presence of the azo group. The performance of the prepared dyes was observed to be moderate on textile fabrics with varying cotton content. The dyeing efficiency of the ACUSA dye to fabrics composed of varying cotton content was better than that of ACSA origin. The total extent of fixation was 33% for ACUSA dye on the fabric with 100% cotton and was 27% for fabric with 35% cotton and 65% polyester content. Likewise, the total extent of fixation was 13% for ACSA dye on the fabrics with 100% cotton and was 12% on fabric with 35% cotton and 65% polyester content. The fastness test to washing showed that 100% cotton fabric dyed with ACUSA had fair fastness to washing and the rest had poor fastness.