Browsing by Author "Mangasini, Fredrick"

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    Characterization of Leachate and sludge for pollutants that pose health risks to the Pugu Kinyamwezi area in Dar es Salaam
    (University of Dar Es Salaam, 2013) Mangasini, Fredrick
    Characterization of leachate, soil and sludge for Hg, Pb and Cd was carried out. Stannous chloride (SnCl2) aided COLD VAPOR test using model Hg-201 Semi-Automated analyzer was employed to determine Hg-levels in matrices. The concentrations of Pb and Cd were determined using Flame-AAS according to U.S.EPA SW-846 Method 3050A. Results show that all three types of environmental samples contain high values of Hg, Pb and Cd whereby Pb; 7.858mg/l (leachate), 18,150.751mg/kg (sludge) and 153.113mg/kg (soil) is the principal contaminant. Two tests for the hypotheses were tested to verify for metal content and environmental intoxication. A parametric t-test was employed to prove the first hypothesis using analyte values in sludge. The second hypothesis was verified using paired t-test and readings from proxy batches of soil collected far away and close to the dumpsite. At 5 per cent level of significance metals were found to exceed standard limits: 0.3μg/kg (Hg), 0.6mg/kg (Pb), 0.42mg/kg (Cd); and have contaminated the surrounding environment. On the average 2.35kg (Hg), 225302.7kg (Pb) and 85.86kg (Cd) are released into the study area per hectare per year. Accordingly, these results far exceed EPA regulatory limits of 0.85kg/ha/yr (Hg), 15kg/ha/yr (Pb) and 1.9kg/ha/yr (Cd). Thus, further studies on groundwater and surface water, flora and fauna to determine the extent of heavy metal pollution, formulation of policies to address treatment and deposition problems of hazardous wastes; and development of a sanitary landfill are recommended.
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    Factors hinders small scale manners to acquire loans from commercial banks in Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2007) Mangasini, Fredrick
    Small scale mining is an important sector to the Tanzanian economy. Its success is impeded by factors of a diverse origin. This research studied the factors hindering the small scale miners to acquire loans from the commercial banks. The research used the triangulation method, embodying several techniques of collecting and analyzing data. Interviews, focus group discussion, participant observation and literature review were the methods used in collecting data. MS Excel was used in graphical presentation of the statistical findings for qualitative analysis of data. It shows that factors hindering the small scale miners to acquire loans from the commercial banks stem from banking policies and conditions, small scale miners' characteristics and government policies and regulations. A main concern to strict bank and government policies and regulations is to protect the depositors' money. Small scale miners being less educated, poor and unskilled they are less considered on lending. As a result it has been difficult for them to acquire loans from the commercial banks. Nevertheless, this sector is important for job creation, financial return and business development. This study suggests that improvement should be done on the lending policies and conditions, as well as services offered by the commercial banks. Government policies and regulations should be amended to allow small scale miners to acquire loans from the commercial banks. Furthermore training on simple technology, business and management skills should be done to enable small scale miners that they can operate their businesses professionally. This will improve their productivity, living standard and add credibility upon their businesses when they consider applying for loan from the commercial banks.