Browsing by Author "Katamba, Daniel"

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    Governance, benefit sharing mechanisms and conservation in the context of REDD in Tanzania : a case of Milola Division, Lindi Rural District
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2017) Katamba, Daniel
    Since independence forests in Tanzania have been managed under centralized state ownership. They have been, however, increasingly vulnerable to human pressure leading to the degradation. Around 1990s, a series of decentralization reforms that shifted responsibilities from the central government to local level were implemented. Consequently, the Forest Policy of 1998 and Forest Act of 2002 were enacted and provided for community involvement in forest management. Joint Forest Management (JFM) and Community Based Forest Management (CBFM) were institutionalized in 1998 with the aim of improving conditions of forest reserves and livelihood of the adjacent communities. With intention of paying developing countries for protecting their standing forest, JFM and CBFM provide a foundation for successful REDD implementation. This study analyses governance of forest resources through CBFM and JFM where issues of participation, influence and power of various actors are critically examined. Benefit sharing mechanisms and effectiveness of JFM are also examined. Literature review, satellite image interpretation, household questionnaire study, field observation, key informant interview and Focus Group Discussion were employed in data collection. The study reveal poor participation of villagers in both CBFM and JFM with an exception of Kinyope village. In majority of villages, the revenue generated over selling of forest products is not reflected in village revenues to motivate the villagers to continue with forest conservation. Moreover satellite images show the deterioration of forest under CBFM and increase of vegetation cover in JFM. Under CBFM forest deteriorated due to the increase of population and demand for timber, charcoal and new area for agriculture while JFM forest improve due to being gazetted and presence of restriction in its exploitation. As far as benefit sharing mechanisms are concerned, it was evident that CBFM provide more livelihood options to villagers than JFM. Joint Forest Management does not perform well in improving livelihoods. JFM should be strengthened with the introduction of income generating activities to subside individuals who rely on forest for their livelihoods.