Browsing by Author "Kanu, Ishmael"

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    Development of Dissolved Oxygen Mass Balance Model for rivers
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 1997) Kanu, Ishmael
    Dissolved Oxygen concentration is the most important water quality parameter used by river management agencies as an indicator of the sanitary condition of a river. This work is geared towards the development of a Dissolved Oxygen mass balance model for rivers that would assist river managers in policy making regarding the setting of water quality standards. Chapter one discusses the importance of dissolved Oxygen as a water quality indicator as well as conditions that would lead to a river being turned into an open sewer. It is in this chapter that the objectives and methodology of this study are set out. Chapter two looks at some of the several contribution that have been made in the modeling of Dissolved Oxygen in rivers both in the far past and in recent times. The mathematical formulation of the material mass balance model both in the steady-state and non-steady-state modes is presented in chapter three. The non-linear kinematic scheme was used in routing of flows throughout a river reach. This scheme is discussed in chapter four. Both the material mass balance and the hydrodynamic model are then encoded in the material mass balance model and hydrodynamic model are then encoded in the FORTRAN programing code and Program DOROUT. A listing of this program is presented in the appendix together with its logic flow diagram. In chapter five, the format to be followed in running the listed program is expatiated. The program makes provision for a maximum of 60 computational segments. For more computational segments, NOSEG in the parameter statement of the program has to be increased accordingly and the program recompiled. Chapter six presents the results of running the model in the steady-state and non-steady-state modes using data obtained from the 1984study of the Withlacoochee River in the USA. An experimental run of the model for systematic increments of the industrial pollution under normal and low flow conditions was done and the results listed in this chapter also. General Discussions was done and the conclusions reached are done in chapter seven. Despite the unavailability of data for calibrating and verifying the Dissolved Oxygen model developed here, the results obtained from running the model with the available as well as assumed data indicate strongly that the model is capable of predicting Dissolved oxygen evolution in rivers due to industrial as well as domestic waste dumping.