Browsing by Author "Kahama, Joseph Kulwa"

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    Governance structures, processes and procedures in mining licensing: the case of primary mining license and constraints facing indigenous Tanzanians
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2013) Kahama, Joseph Kulwa
    This study examines mining governance in Tanzania. It takes as a case study of primary mining licensing processes and procedures, by considering its predictability, its responsiveness and the level of participation, looking at how this in turn influences indigenous Tanzanian miners’ access to mineral resources. The motive to explore mining governance in Tanzania is derived from what could be described as unprecedented emergence of resource nationalism and the potential of the Tanzanian mining sector to unleash economic growth. Further, up to now few studies have been undertaken to understand structural impediments thus far constraining indigenous Tanzanian miners’ access to mineral resources. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research approaches and relied on documentary reviews. This was supplemented with field surveys in which leaders representing 6,540 indigenous Tanzanian miners, as well as key stakeholders in the industry were interviewed. The analytical framework used is derived from the theory of governance. Various empirical studies as well as contesting and contending views on mining governance were examined. Three governance indicators, namely participation/inclusiveness, predictability and responsiveness were selected among a host of other indicators, in order to measure the level of governance regarding primary mining licensing processes and procedures. Results revealed that the application procedure and conditions for granting of primary mining licenses are responsive, participatory and also predictable. Only one respondent thought it was not responsive at all because of the costs and lack of transparency. The problem does not lay with World Bank/IMF or Government policy. The results revealed that the governance challenge lay in the process of determining and setting license fees, as it is not neither participatory, responsive nor predictable.The governance problem is compounded by the low level of education among indigenous Tanzanian miners which renders them ignorant of mining laws, regulations and policy. It is recommended that deliberate initiatives be instituted to improve the current set up of governance structures, processes and procedures in mining licensing, particularly in the areas of application for PMLs, conditions of granting of licenses and engagement of stakeholders in key decisions regarding mineral licensing.