Browsing by Author "Kabelege, Hidaya"

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    Pesticidal and anticancer activities of natural products isolated from clematopsis scabiosifolia and elephantopus scaber
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2014) Kabelege, Hidaya
    Phytochemical studies on two plant species namely Elephantopus scaber and Clematopsis scabiosifolia were conducted to unravel their pesticidal and anticancer constituents. E. scaber yielded three known terpenoids viz Eupatolide (24 mg) stigmasterol (60 mg) and β-sitosterol (60 mg). Eupatolide, which is being reported for the first time in this plant, exhibited anticancer activity against human MCF-7 breast cancer cell at concentration of 1.4 μg/mL. The compound also exhibits cyctotoxic activity. The dichloromethane: methanol (1:1) extracts of the root of C. scabiosifolia yielded 2-deoxy-D-ribono-1,4-lactone and α-D-glucopyranose and β-D-glucopyranose as a mixture of cyclic saccharide framework. Ethanol extracts of the root of C. scabiosifolia yielded a new caffeate acid that was named scabiosinoic acid. Apart from the phytochemical studies crude extracts of the plants namely CSRE, CSRDM, CSLE, CSLDM, CSSM, CSSDM, ESLM, ESLDM, ESRE and ESRDM were evaluated for their effectiveness in controlling S. zeamais in stored maize in completely randomized design (CRD). Starch was used as carrier and Actellic Super dust was included as standard insecticides control. Knockdown effect increased with time from 30 minnutes to 6 hours in all the crude extracts except for the dichloromethane:methanol (DCM:MeOH 1:1) root extracts of C. scabiosifolia (CSRDM). For treated grain experiment the data collected include number of dead and live insects, the number of damaged and undamaged grains, and weight loss. All tested plant materials were less effective compared to the Actellic Super dust reference. It was observed that at seven days storage duration a significantly lower number of damaged seeds were recorded compared to 14 and 21 days storage duration.