Browsing by Author "Edward, Simon"

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    Effect of the professional accountants' ethical requirements on marketing by professional accounting firms in Tanzania
    (University of Dar Es Salaam, 2006) Edward, Simon
    This study was conducted due to an apparent conflict between marketing needs by accounting practitioners and the restrictive provisions in the ethical code for Professional Accountants, issued by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and for Tanzania the National Board of Accountants and Auditors (NBAA), to explore the effect that such provisions have on the way accounting practitioners market their services. Research hypotheses were developed from literature. Data were analysed quantitatively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Hypotheses were tested using the Chi-Square test, with other findings being tabulated in frequencies. Discussions with practicing accountants provided a qualitative input to the findings. It was found that firms perceive that the ethical requirements inhibit their marketing efforts, and that firm size, and presence/ absence of international affiliation in a firm are significantly related to the perception on whether the ethics inhibit marketing efforts and difficulty in making new clients, while the firm age and the proportion of the consulting business are not significantly related to such perceptions. However, the study found that firms perceive that the p vision is relevant, this being so regardless of the firm size. It is recommended that firms make use of the permissible marketing approaches, Regulators allowing but moderating advertising, and making an effective quality review of professional accounting services; 8id clients adhering to contemporary procurement regulations When procuring professional accounting services, such as competitive tendering.
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    The influence of gender norms on contraceptive use among urban youths in Kinondoni municipality, Tanzania.
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2017) Edward, Simon
    Following the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development, both affluent and non-affluent countries began to lay down strategies to attain gender equity with the expectation of positively influencing contraceptive use. Over 20 years gone, there was limited knowledge on the influence of gender norms on contraceptive use specifically among the youths in Tanzania. This study was henceforth conducted with the main objective being to discuss the step reached in attaining equitable gender norms, and whether it has impacted on contraceptive use or nonuse, among urban youths. This cross-sectional descriptive study design included a sample of 120 youth age 15-24 drawn from both in and out of school premises of Tegeta ward, Kinondoni Municipality, Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania. The social survey methods were used to collect data whereby the questionnaires were completed by 113 youth between December 2014 and January 2015 followed by in-depth interviews done in March 2015 with 18 youth selected from within the initial sample. The computerized predictive analytics software (PASW version 18) was used to analyse the quantitative data due to its ability to generate easy to read descriptive data tables and graphs while structural hermeneutics was applied to analyze qualitative data for it enabled the researcher to easily assign the responses from in-depth interviews to the key concepts of the structuration theory. The findings showed there was slightly equal percentages of youths with high, moderate, and low equitable attitudes towards the gender norms. The study also revealed the existence of positive attitudes among the urban youths toward contraceptive use, seventy seven percent of the respondents were knowledgeable on contraceptives whereas the highly known methods were the calendar, condoms, pills, implants and injections, contraceptive use among sexually active youths were high as expected (i.e. 60%), and that there was a strong positive relationship between gender norms and contraceptive use which was statistically significant at (r = 4, n = 60, p = <.001)