Browsing by Author "Anatory, Justinian"

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    Investigation of appropriate technology for remote monitoring of electrical power consumption in Tanzania
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2003) Anatory, Justinian
    Power utility companies in developing countries have been experiencing various problems, which have caused low revenue collection. For the Conventional metering, the problems are: power theft, difficulty meter billing procedure, difficulty meter reading for scattered villages. For pre-paid meter systems, the problems are: the missing direct link between customers and the utility companies and corruption of some agencies due to non-centralized vending stations. Power utility companies in developed countries after realizing the shortfalls in the above mentioned metering systems, they introduced electronic remote meters, computerized handheld recording device and so on. However, it has been found that the systems cannot overcome power-tampering issues and were not cost effective. Now the power utility companies in developed countries are changing to Automatic Meter Reader systems, which send, and receive data through telephone line, radio telecommunication network, advanced wireless and powerline networks. The systems are not suitable for the environment of developing countries and are not cost effective. In this research work, a remote power monitoring network using powerlines communication has been investigated. The research demonstrates the method on how such a system will be realized by developing the data link from customers7 meters to primary substations. In addition, it shows how different customers7 meters will communicate through the proposed remote power monitoring powerline network. It has been found out that, using direct sequence spread spectrum with Binary Phase Shift Keying and Bose Chaudhuri Hacknguem coding two hops will be required to provide reliable communication between the distribution transformers and the primary substation. The frequency is 140kHz and data rate of 10kbps. In addition, due to the topology of powerline the transmitted signal to noise ratio of 71.5dB and 50dB and Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection and Token bus have been used from customer meter to distribution transformer and distribution transformer to primary substation respectively.
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    Investigation of broadband access over power-line network for communications services provision in developing countries
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2007) Anatory, Justinian
    The provision of the various broadband communications services in developed countries is usually not a very big problem since a number of options are available ranging from wireless technology, wire line networks. Recently many authors have studied the technology viable for communication in developing countries environment such as non- urban areas, municipality and low density in different environment, by reflecting the already available wireless technology adopted in some of urban areas and developed countries. Technologies, which have realized to be the candidates for communications in such areas, are VSAT/Satellite systems which at least can provide broadband services in different remote areas and municipality. But the indications in various developing countries like Tanzania show that the implementation of such technologies for a true broadband accessibility and at affordable price is still a problem. It has been proposed that to be able to have connections different initiatives are needed. There is one technology which could be applicable to developing countries due to its penetrations and might provide the affordability for broadband services in most of developing countries. The technology is power-line networks. The applicability of Broadband Power-line Communication (BPLC) for communication has been reported in different areas of developed countries. Moreover, a lot of problems still impede the utilization of such infrastructure. This thesis is attempted to solve various problems whereby new Transfer function (TF) channel model and new model for current/voltage distribution are developed. In addition, by using the developed TF the channel capacity, the effects of channel load impedances, line length and branches, including ground to the stochastic channel attenuation for indoor, medium voltage, and low voltage are investigated. It has been observed that the channel capacity of broadband power-line network is minimum when the channel is terminated in characteristics impedances. In addition the position of notches are branched line lengths and load impedances dependant. Finally the ground return causes the high attenuation in the BPLC systems.