Institute of Resource Assessment

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Browsing Institute of Resource Assessment by Author "Benedictor, Anthony"

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    Impact of policy and institutional changes in the water sector on cholera outbreak in Dar es salaam : a case study of cholera prevalence in Dar es salaam
    (University of Dar es Slaam, 2010) Benedictor, Anthony
    Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae which is transmitted through feacal-oral contamination or ingestion of contaminated water. Dar es Salaam is the city that is most hit by cholera in the country and cholera has been persistently occurring since 1977. Different reform processes have taken place and impacted differently on the frequent cholera outbreaks in Dar es Salaam. The problem is envisaged to magnify following inadequate policies and institutional frameworks which fail to give workable strategies in meeting the increasingly water challenge. The study established the influence of policy and institutional changes to the cholera incidences. The study was conducted in Dar es Salaam where the focus was drawn on four water utilities namely Nuwa, Dawasco, Dawasa and City Water. Water supply during Nuwa and Dawasa regime were at 155.3lpca/d and 151lpca/d respectively, while these levels went down dramatically to 80lpca/d in Dawasco and 69lpca/d in City water regime. The study revealed close association between water delivery services and cholera incidences. For instance, high proportion of households (63 %) associated failure of water entity companies to provide proper water supply services in Dar es Salaam with policy and institutional changes in the water sector, while of 90 % households concurred that good policy with adequately set institutional framework in the water sector significantly improve water provision. Setting up good water policies and institutional frameworks play great role in improving water supplies to the public. With improved water supply services the community is at low risk of exposure to cholera outbreaks and other water diseases.