PhD Theses

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Browsing PhD Theses by Author "Katono, Evelyn Happy"

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    Protection of refugees’ right to work in the east african community
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2019) Katono, Evelyn Happy
    Utafiti huu umechunguza kiwango ambacho wakimbizi hulindwa ndani ya Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki. Shabaha kuu ilikuwa kuchunguza ulinzi wa haki ya wakimbizi kufanya kazi, ambayo inaelezwa kuwa ni ya msingi sana kwa utu na uhai wao, na ni mhimili wa haki zingine zote. Hivyo, utafiti ulichunguza sheria za Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki kisha kuchambua kiwango ambacho zinalinda haki za wakimbizi kufanya kazi. Utafiti ulichambua sheria za kazi za nchi pamoja na sheria za wakimbizi za Kenya, Tanzania, na Uganda, ambazo ni nchi kuu tatu za Jumuiya zinazowahifahi wakimbizi wengi. Utafiti huu umerejelea mienendo bora kuhusu wakimbizi katika nchi na jumuiya zingine za kikanda kama vile Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi Afrika Magharibi (ECOWAS) na Jumuiya ya Uchumi Kusini mwa Afrika (SADC), ambazo zina mifumo jumuishi hususani ya muingiliano wa wafanyakazi, ambao ni wakimbizi, jambo ambalo halipo katika Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yanaonesha kuwa ingawa kuna sheria za kuwalinda wakimbizi, hakuna ufanano katika ngazi ya Jumuiya, jambo linalochangia ukiukaji wa haki za wakimbizi. Nchi wanachama wa Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki zinatumia sera-zuizi zinazolenga kulinda masoko ya ajira kwa raia wake. Wakimbizi wanahifadhiwa kwenye makambi bila kuwa na haki ya kutoka nje ya makambi hayo, hususani nchini Kenya na Tanzania, na hivyo kuathiri uhuru wao wa kutoka sehemu moja kwenda nyingine. Hata hivyo, Uganda inatekeleza mifumo ya makazi ya wakimbizi, ambayo ni huria zaidi na inayotoa matarajio mazuri zaidi kwa wakimbizi ya kushiriki katika kazi na uhuru wa kutoka sehemu moja kwenda nyingine; ingawa mifumo hiyo inakabiliwa na changamoto kadhaa kutokana na sehemu yalipo makazi hayo. Utafiti huu umegundua kuwa misaada wanayopewa wakimbizi ni ya kiutu zaidi na kuna jitihada finyu za kuwapa misaada ya kimaendeleo, ambayo ingekuwa na tija kubwa katika upatikanaji wa ajira. Mikabala ya kilimwengu ya hivi karibuni kama vile Kiunzi cha Uhudumiaji Jumuishi wa Wakimbizi kinakosa utashi wa kisiasa wa mataifa na hivyo hakiwezi kuzaa matunda yaliyokusudiwa.
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    Protection of refugees’ right to work in the East African community: case study of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda
    (University of Dar es Salaam, 2019) Katono, Evelyn Happy
    This study has examined the extent to which refugees are protected in the East African Community (EAC). The focus is on the protection of the right to work for refugees which has been described as being very crucial for their dignity, survival and the comer stone of all other rights. The study therefore examines the EAC laws and analyses the extent to which they protect refugees’ right to work. National labour laws as well as refugees’ legislation of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda which are the three main refugees hosting Partner States are analyzed. The study makes reference to the good practices in other regions which is lacking in the EAC. The findings revealed that, although there are laws in place for the protection of refugees, there is no harmonization at Community level which contributes to violation of refugees’ rights. Restrictive policies have been adopted by the EAC Partner States focusing on safe guarding labour markets for their nationals. Refugees are therefore kept in Camps without the right to move particularly in Kenya and Tanzania which affects their mobility. However, Uganda has embraced the Settlement system which is more liberal and offers better prospects for refugees’ engagement in work and freedom of movement. However, there are practical challenges given the location of the Settlements. The study revealed that humanitarian assistance focuses on saving life and less effort is directed towards development which would have an impact on access to work. Recent global approaches such as the Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework (CRRF) lack political commitment from States and may not achieve the intended results.